Each и Every: разница

Урок 91
A

Each и every похожи по значению. Часто можно использовать each или every:

  • Each time (или Every time) I see you, you look different.
    Каждый раз, как я тебя вижу, ты выглядишь иначе.
  • There’s a telephone in each room (или every room) of the house.
    В каждой комнате дома есть телефон.

Но each и every не совсем одинаковы. Изучите разницу:

Мы используем each, когда мы думаем о вещах по отдельности, один за другим.

Мы используем every, когда мы думаем о вещах как о группе. Значение схоже с all.

  • Study each sentence carefully.
    Изучите каждое предложение внимательно.
    (= изучите предложения один за другим)
  • Every sentence must have a verb.
    У каждого предложения должен быть глагол.
    (= все предложения в целом)

Each чаще подходит для небольшого количества:

Every чаще подходит для большого количества:

  • There were four books on the table. Each book was a different colour.
  • (in a card game) At the beginning of the game, each player has three cards.
  • Kate loves reading. She has read every book in the library. (= все книги)
  • I would like to visit every country in the world. (= все страны)

Each (но не every) может быть использовано для двух вещей:

  • In a football match, each team has eleven players. (not every team)

Мы используем every (не each), когда говорим о том, как часто что-либо происходит:

  • ‘How often do you use your computer?’ ‘Every day.’ (not Each day)
  • There’s a bus every ten minutes. (not each ten minutes)
B

Сравните структуры использования each и every:

Вы можете использовать each с существительным:

each book

each student

Вы можете использовать every с существительным:

every book

every student

Вы можете использовать each в одиночку (без существительного):

  • None of the rooms was the same.
    Each (= each room) was different.

Или вы можете использовать each one:

  • Each one was different. – Каждая (комната) была разной.

Вы не можете использовать every в одиночку, но вы можете сказать every one:

  • A: Have you read all these books?
    B: Yes, every one. – Да, каждую.

Вы можете сказать each of (the ... / these ... / them и др.):

Вы можете сказать every one of ... (но не every of):

  • Read each of these sentences carefully.
  • Each of the books is a different colour.
  • Each of them is a different colour.
  • I’ve read every one of those books. (not every of those books)
  • I’ve read every one of them.
C

Вы также можете использовать each в середине или в конце предложения. Например:

  • The students were each given a book. (= Each student was given a book.)
  • These oranges cost 15 pence each. – Эти апельсины стоят 15 пенсов каждый.
D

Everyone и every one

Everyone (в одно слово) – только для людей (= everybody).
Every one (два слова) – для вещей или людей, и схоже с each one (см. раздел B).

  • Everyone enjoyed the party. (= Everybody ...)
  • Sarah is invited to lots of parties and she goes to every one. (= to every party)

Упражнения

1. Посмотрите на картинки и закончите предложения, выбрав each или every.

  1. player has three cards.
  2. Kate has read book in the library.
  3. side of a square is the same length.
  4. seat in the theatre was taken.
  5. There are six apartments in the building. one has a balcony.
  6. There’s a train to London hour.
  7. She was wearing four rings - one on finger.
  8. Our football team is playing well. We’ve won game this season.

Key

2. Выберите each или every.

  1. There were four books on the table. book was a different colour.
  2. The Olympic Games are held four years.
  3. parent worries about their children.
  4. In a game of tennis there are two or four players. player has a racket.
  5. Nicola plays volleyball Thursday evening.
  6. I understood most of what they said but not word.
  7. The book is divided into five parts and of these has three sections.
    8. Key
  8. I get paid four weeks.
  9. We had a great weekend. I enjoyed minute of it.
  10. I tried to phone her two or three times, but time there was no reply.
  11. Car seat belts save lives. driver should wear one.
  12. (from an exam) Answer all five questions. Write your answer to question on a separate sheet of paper.

Key

3. Закончите предложения, используя each.

  1. The price of one of those oranges is 30 pence.
  2. I had ten pounds and so did Sonia.
  3. One of those postcards costs 80 pence.
  4. The hotel was expensive. I paid £120 and so did you.

Key

4. Выберите everyone или every one.

  1. Sarah is invited to a lot of parties and she goes to .
  2. As soon as had arrived, we began the meeting.
  3. I asked her lots of questions and she answered correctly.
  4. She’s very popular. likes her.
  5. I dropped a tray of glasses. Unfortunately broke.

Key