Выражение be going to (I’m going to do)
I am going to do something = я уже решил делать это, я намереваюсь это сделать:
- A: Are you going to watch the late film on TV tonight?
B: No, I’m going to have an early night. - A: I hear Sarah has won some money. What is she going to do with it?
B: She’s going to buy a new car. - I’m just going to make a quick phone call. Can you wait for me?
- This cheese looks horrible. I’m not going to eat it.
I am doing и I am going to do
Мы используем I am doing (present continuous), когда мы говорим о том, что запланировали сделать, например, запланировали встретить кого-то или пойти куда-то:
- What time are you meeting Ann this evening?
- I’m leaving tomorrow. I’ve got my plane ticket.
I am going to do something = я решил это сделать (но, возможно, не планировал это делать):
- ‘Your shoes are dirty.’ ‘Yes, I know. I’m going to clean them.’ (= я решил почистить их, но не планировал это делать)
- I’ve decided not to stay here any longer. Tomorrow I’m going to look for somewhere else to stay.
Часто разница незначительна, в таком случае, любая из форм возможна.
Вы также можете сказать, что ‘something is going to happen’ (что-то собирается произойти) в будущем. Например:
The man can’t see the wall in front of him.
Человек не может видеть стену перед собой.
He is going to walk into the wall.
Он собирается врезаться в стену.
Когда мы говорим, что ‘something is going to happen’, ситуация в данный момент делает это очевидным. Человек идет в сторону стены, поэтому мы видим, что он собирается в нее врезаться.
Ещё несколько примеров:
- Look at those black clouds! It’s going to rain. (в данный момент мы видим облака)
- I feel terrible. I think I’m going to be sick. (сейчас я ужасно себя чувствую)
- The economic situation is bad now and things are going to get worse.
I was going to (do something) = я намеревался сделать это, но так и не сделал:
- We were going to travel by train, but then we decided to go by car instead.
- Peter was going to do the exam, but he changed his mind.
- I was just going to cross the road when somebody shouted ‘Stop!’
Вы можете сказать, что ‘something was going to happen’ (что-то собиралось случиться, но не случилось):
- I thought it was going to rain, but it didn’t.
Упражнения
1. Напишите вопрос с going to для каждой ситуации.
- Your friend has won some money. You ask:
(what / do with it?)
- Your friend is going to a party tonight. You ask:
(what / wear?)
- Your friend has just bought a new table. You ask:
(where / put it?)
- Your friend has decided to have a party. You ask:
(who / invite?)
2. Прочитайте ситуации и завершите диалоги. Используйте going to.
- You have decided to tidy your room this morning.
Друг:Are you going out this morning?Вы:No,
- You bought a sweater, but it doesn’t fit you very well. You have decided to take it back.
Друг:That sweater is too big for you.Вы:I know.
- You have been offered a job, but you have decided not to accept it.
Друг:I hear you’ve been offered a job.Вы:That’s right, but
- You have to phone Sarah. It’s morning now, and you have decided to phone her tonight.
Друг:Have you phoned Sarah yet?Вы:No,
- You are in a restaurant. The food is awful and you’ve decided to complain.
Друг:This food is awful, isn’t it?Вы:Yes, it’s disgusting.
3. Что собирается произойти в этих ситуациях? Используйте слова в скобках.
- There are a lot of black clouds in the sky.
(rain)
- It is 8.30. Tom is leaving his house. He has to be at work at 8.45, but the journey takes 30 minutes.
(late)
- There is a hole in the bottom of the boat. A lot of water is coming in through the hole.
(sink)
- Lucy and Chris are driving. There is very little petrol left in the tank. The nearest petrol station is a long way away.
(run out)
4. Закончите предложения с was/were going to + следующие глаголы:
buy give up have phone play travel
- We by train, but then we decided to go by car instead.
- I some new clothes yesterday, but I was very busy and didn’t have time to go to the shops.
- Martin and I tennis last week, but he was injured.
- I Jane, but I decided to email her instead.
- A: When I last saw Tim, he his job.
B: That’s right, but in the end he decided to stay where he was. - We a party last week, but some of our friends couldn’t come, so we cancelled it.