Модальный глагол Would

Мы используем would (’d) / wouldn’t, когда представляем ситуацию или действие (= мы думаем о чем-то нереальном):

• It would be nice to buy a new car, but we can’t afford it. Было бы здорово купить новую машину, но мы не можем этого позволить.
• I’d love to live by the sea.
• A: Shall I tell Chris what happened?
  B: No, I wouldn’t say anything.
  (= Я бы ничего не говорил на твоём месте)

Мы используем would have (done), представляя ситуации или действия в прошлом (которые не произошли):

• They helped us a lot. I don’t know what we’d have done (= we would have done) without their help. Не знаю, что бы мы делали без их помощи.
• I didn’t tell Sam what happened. He wouldn’t have been pleased. Он бы не обрадовался / Ему бы не понравилось.

Сравните would (do) и would have (done):

• I would phone Sue, but I haven’t got her number. (настоящее)
  I would have phoned Sue, but I didn’t have her number. (прошедшее)
• I’m not going to invite them to the party. They wouldn’t come anyway.
  I didn’t invite them to the party. They wouldn’t have come anyway.

Мы часто используем would в условных предложениях с if:

• I would phone Sue if I had her number.
• I would have phoned Sue if I’d had her number.

Об этом будет подробно в уроках 38-40.

Сравните will (’ll) и would (’d):

• I’ll stay a bit longer. (Я останусь еще). I’ve got plenty of time.
  I’d stay a bit longer (Я бы остался еще), but I really have to go now. (так что я не останусь)
• I’ll phone Sue. I’ve got her number.
  I’d phone Sue, but I haven’t got her number. (так что я не могу ей позвонить)

Иногда would/wouldn’t это прошедшие формы will/won’t. Сравните:

Somebody wouldn’t do something = кто-то отказывается делать что-то:

• I tried to warn him, but he wouldn’t listen to me. Я пытался его предупредить, но он не послушал меня. (= он отказывался слушать)
• The car wouldn’t start. Машина никак не заводилась. (= она ‘отказывалась’ заводиться)

Вы также можете использовать would, когда говорите о том, что регулярно происходило в прошлом:

• When we were children, we lived by the sea. In summer, if the weather was fine, we would all get up early and go for a swim. (= мы регулярно это делали)
• Whenever Richard was angry, he would walk out of the room.
  Каждый раз, когда Ричард злился, он выходил из комнаты.

В этом значении, would походит на used to (см. урок 18):

• Whenever Richard was angry, he used to walk out of the room.

Упражнения

1. Напишите предложения о себе. Представьте то, что бы вы хотели или не хотели.

1. (a place you’d love to live)
   
2. (a job you wouldn’t like to do)
   
3. (something you would love to do)
   
4. (something that would be nice to have)
   
5. (a place you’d like to go to)
   

2. Закончите предложения, используя would + следующие глаголы (в правильной форме):

be be do do enjoy enjoy have pass stop

1. They helped us a lot. I don’t know what we without their help.
2. You should go and see the film. You it.
3. It’s a pity you couldn’t come to the concert yesterday. You it.
4. Shall I apply for the job or not? What you in my position?
5. I was in a hurry when I saw you. Otherwise I to talk.
6. We took a taxi home last night but got stuck in the traffic. It quicker to walk.
7. Why don’t you go and see Clare? She very pleased to see you.
8. Why didn’t you do the exam? I’m sure you it.
9. In an ideal world, everybody enough to eat.

3. Каждому предложению справа соответствует предложение слева. Укажите это соответствие.

4. Напишите предложения, используя promised + would/wouldn’t.

1. I wonder why Laura is late.
   
2. I wonder why Steve hasn’t phoned.
   
3. Why did you tell Jane what I said?
   
4. I’m surprised they didn’t wait for us.
   

5. Закончите предложения, используяwouldn’t + подходящий глагол.

1. I tried to warn him, but he to me.
2. I asked Amanda what had happened, but she me.
3. Paul was very angry about what I’d said and to me for two weeks.
4. Martina insisted on carrying all her luggage. She me help her.

6. Эти предложения о том, что часто происходило в прошлом. Закончите предложения, используя would + следующие слова:

forget help shake share walk

1. Whenever Richard was angry, he out of the room.
2. We used to live next to a railway line. Every time a train went past, the house .
3. George was a very kind man. He always you if you had a problem.
4. Brenda was always very generous. She didn’t have much, but she what she had with everyone else.
5. You could never rely on Joe. It didn’t matter how many times you reminded him to do something, he always .