Present perfect и past simple 2 (I have done и I did)

Урок 14
A

Не используйте present perfect (I have done), когда вы говорите о завершенном (например, yesterday / ten minutes ago / in 2009 / when I was a child). Используйте для этого прошедшее время:

  • It was very cold yesterday. (not has been)
  • Paul and Lucy arrived ten minutes ago. (not have arrived)
  • Did you eat a lot of sweets when you were a child? (not have you eaten)
  • I got home late last night. I was very tired and went straight to bed.

Используйте прошедшее время, чтобы спросить When ... ? or What time ... ?:

  • When did your friends arrive? (not have ... arrived)
  • What time did you finish work?

Сравните:

Present perfect

Past simple

  • Tom has lost his key. He can’t get into the house.
  • Is Carla here or has she left?
  • Tom lost his key yesterday. He couldn’t get into the house.
  • When did Carla leave?
B

Сравните:

Present perfect (have done)

Past simple (did)

  • I’ve done a lot of work today.
  • I did a lot of work yesterday.

Мы используем present perfect, говоря о промежутке времени, который продолжается до настоящего момента. Например:
today / this week / since 1985.

Мы используем past simple, говоря о законченном времени в прошлом. Например:
yesterday / last week / from 1995 to 2001.

◇ It hasn’t rained this week.

◇ It didn’t rain last week.

◇ Have you seen Anna this morning? (сейчас всё ещё утро)

◇ Did you see Anna this morning? (сейчас день или вечер)

◇ Have you seen Tim recently?

◇ Did you see Tim on Sunday?

◇ I don’t know where Lisa is. I haven’t seen her. (= I haven’t seen her recently)

◇ A: Was Lisa at the party on Sunday?
B: I don’t think so. I didn’t see her.

◇ We’ve been waiting for an hour. (мы всё ещё ждём)

◇ We waited (or were waiting) for an hour. (мы уже не ждём)

◇ Ian lives in London. He has lived there for seven years.

◇ Ian lived in Scotland for ten years. Now he lives in London.

◇ I have never played golf. (in my life)

◇ I didn’t play golf last summer.

◇ Последний день вашего отпуска, вы говорите:
It’s been a really good holiday. I’ve really enjoyed it.

◇ После того, как вы вернулись из отпуска:
It was a really good holiday. I really enjoyed it.

Упражнения

1. Находятся ли выделенные части этих предложений в правильной грамматической форме? Исправьте их, если необходимо.

1. I’ve lost my key. I can’t find it anywhere.
2. Have you eaten a lot of sweets when you were a child?
3. I’ve bought a new car. You must come and see it.
4. I’ve bought a new car last week.
5. Where have you been yesterday evening?
6. Lucy has left school in 2009.
7. I’m looking for Mike. Have you seen him?
8. ‘Have you been to Paris?’ ‘Yes, many times.’
9. I’m very hungry. I haven’t eaten much today.
10. When has this book been published?

Key

2. Составьте предложения из слов в скобках. Используйте present perfect или past simple.

  1. (it / not / rain / this week)
  2. (the weather / be / cold / recently)
  3. (it / cold / last week)
  4. (I / not / read / a newspaper yesterday) I
  5. (I / not / read / a newspaper today)
  6. (Emily / earn / a lot of money / this year)
  7. (she / not / earn / so much / last year)
  8. (you / have / a holiday recently?)

Key

3. Поставьте глагол в правильную форму: present perfect или past simple.

  1. I don’t know where Lisa is. (you / see) her?
  2. When I (get) home last night, I (be) very tired and I (go) straight to bed.
  3. A: (you / finish) painting the bedroom?
    B: Not yet. I’ll finish it tomorrow.
  4. George (not / be) very well last week.
  5. Mr Clark (work) in a bank for 15 years. Then he gave it up.
  6. Molly lives in Dublin. She (live) there all her life.
  7. A: (you / go) to the cinema last night?
    B: Yes, but it (be) a mistake. The film (be) awful.
    8. Key
  8. My grandfather (die) before I was born. I (never / meet) him.
  9. I don’t know Carol’s husband. I (never / meet) him.
  10. A: Is Martin here? B: No, he (go) out.
    A: When exactly (he / go) out? B: About ten minutes ago.
  11. A: Where do you live? B: In Boston.
    A: How long (you / live) there? B: Five years.
    A: Where (you / live) before that? B: In Chicago.
    A: And how long (you / live) in Chicago? B: Two years.

Key

4. Напишите предложения о себе, используя мысли в скобках.

  1. (something you haven’t done today)
  2. (something you haven’t done today)
  3. (something you didn’t do yesterday)
  4. (something you did yesterday evening)
  5. (something you haven’t done recently)
  6. (something you’ve done a lot recently)

Key