Глаголы, после которых идёт инфинитив (infinitive) to:

• It was late, so we decided to take a taxi home.
  Было поздно, поэтому мы решили взять такси до дома.
• Simon was in a difficult situation, so I agreed to help him.
  Саймон находился в трудном положении, поэтому я согласился ему помочь.
• How old were you when you learnt to drive? (or learnt how to drive)
  В каком возрасте ты научился водить машину?
• I waved to Karen but failed to attract her attention.
  Я помахал Карен, но так и не смог привлечь ее внимание.

Отрицанием является not to ... :

• We decided not to go out because of the weather.
  Мы решили никуда не идти из-за погоды.
• I promised not to be late.
  Я обещал не опаздывать.

После некоторых глаголов to ... не употребляется. Например, enjoy/think/suggest:

• I enjoy reading. (not enjoy to read)
• Tom suggested going to the cinema. (not suggested to go)
• Are you thinking of buying a car? (not thinking to buy)

О глаголе + -ing мы говорили в уроке 53. Глагол + предлог + -ing - см. урок 62.

Мы также используем to ... после:

seem appear tend pretend claim

Например:

• They seem to have plenty of money.
  У них, кажется, полно денег.
• I like Dan, but I think he tends to talk too much.
  Мне нравится Дэн, но, по-моему, он слишком много болтает. (досл.: тенденция болтать)
• Ann pretended not to see me when she passed me in the street.
  Аня притворилась, что не увидела меня, когда она проходила мимо меня на улице.

Также есть continuous инфинитив (to be doing) и perfect инфинитив (to have done):

• I pretended to be reading the newspaper. (= I pretended that I was reading)
• You seem to have lost weight. (= it seems that you have lost weight)
• Martin seems to be enjoying his new job. (= it seems that he is enjoying it)

После dare вы можете использовать инфинитив как с частицей to, так и без нее:

• I wouldn’t dare to tell him. or I wouldn’t dare tell him.
  Я бы не осмелился ему сказать.

Но после dare not (или daren’t), вы должны использовать инфинитив без частицы to:

• I daren’t tell him what happened. (not I daren’t to tell him)

После некоторых глаголов вы можете использовать вопросительное слово (what/whether/how и др.) + to ... . Мы используем эту конструкцию особенно часто после:

ask decide know remember forget explain learn understand wonder

Также: show/tell/ask/advise/teach somebody what/how/where to do something:

• Can somebody show me how to change the memory card in this camera?
  Кто-нибудь может мне показать как сменить карту памяти в этом фотоаппарате?
• Ask Jack. He’ll tell you what to do.
  Спроси Джека. Он скажет тебе, что делать.

Упражнения

1. Закончите предложения для этих ситуаций.

1. — Shall we get married?
   — Yes, let’s.
   
2. — Please help me.
   — OK.
   
3. — Can I carry your bag for you?
   — No, thanks. I can manage.
   
4. — Let’s meet at 8 o’clock.
   — OK, fine.
   
5. — What’s your name?
   — I’m not going to tell you?
   
6. — Please don’t tell anyone.
   — I won’t. I promise.
   

2. Завершите каждое предложение подходящим словом.

1. Don’t forget the letter I gave you.
2. There was a lot of traffic, but we managed to the airport in time.
3. Jill has decided not a car.
4. We’ve got a new computer in our office. I haven’t learnt it yet.
5. Karen failed a good impression at the job interview.
6. We were all afraid to speak. Nobody dared anything.

3. Поставьте глагол в правильную форму: to ... или -ing.

1. When I’m tired. I enjoy television. It’s relaxing. (watch)
2. It was a nice day, so we decided for a walk. (go)
3. It’s a nice day. Does anyone fancy for a walk? (go)
4. I’m not in a hurry. I don’t mind . (wait)
5. They don’t have much money. They can’t afford out very often. (go)
6. I wish that dog would stop . It’s driving me mad. (bark)
7. Our neighbour threatened the police if we didn’t stop the noise. (call)
8. We were hungry, so I suggested dinner early. (have)
9. Hurry up! I don’t want to risk the train. (miss)
10. I’m still looking for a job, but I hope something soon. (find)

4. Составьте новое предложение, используя глагол в скобках.

1. You’ve lost weight. (seem)
   
2. Tom is worried about something. (appear)
   
3. You know a lot of people. (seem)
   
4. My English is getting better. (seem)
   
5. That car has broken down. (appear)
   
6. David forgets things. (tend)
   
7. They have solved the problem. (claim)
   

5. Закончите каждое предложение, используя what/how/whether + следующие глаголы:

do get go ride say use

1. Do you know to John’s house?
2. Can you show me this washing machine?
3. Would you know if there was a fire in the building?
4. You’ll never forget a bicycle once you’ve learnt.
5. I was really astonished. I didn’t know .
6. I’ve been invited to the parry, but I haven’t decided or not.