Выражение be / get used to something (I’m used to ... Я привык к ...)

Урок 61
A

Изучите следующую ситуацию:

Лиза - американка, но она живет в Англии. Когда она впервые села за руль в Англии, ей было очень сложно водить машину, потому что ей приходилось ездить по левой полосе, а не по правой. Вождение по левой полосе было странным и сложным для нее, т.к.:

She wasn’t used to it.
She wasn’t used to driving on the left.
Она не привыкла к этому / вождению по левой стороне дороги.

Но после долгой практики, водить машину по левой стороне дороги стало не так странно. Поэтому:

She got used to driving on the left.
Она привыкла водить машину по левой стороне дороги.

Теперь это не проблема для Лизы:

She is used to driving on the left.

Перевод последнего предложения такой же, как и у предложения выше, оно в настоящем времени, в то время как предложения выше - в прошедшем времени.

B

I’m used to something = для меня это не ново и не странно = я привык к этому:

  • Frank lives alone. He doesn’t mind this because he has lived alone for 15 years. It is not strange for him. He is used to it. He is used to living alone. (Он привык к этому. Он привык жить один. - наст. вр.)
  • I bought some new shoes. They felt a bit strange at first because I wasn’t used to them. (... я не привык к ним. - прош. вр.).
  • Our new flat is on a very busy street. I expect we’ll get used to the noise, but at the moment it’s very disturbing. (... мы привыкнем к шуму.)
  • Diane has a new job. She has to get up much earlier now than before - at 6.30. She finds this difficult because she isn’t used to getting up so early. (она не привыкла вставать так рано)
  • Barbara’s husband is often away from home. She doesn’t mind this. She is used to him being away. (Она привыкла, что его нет рядом. - досл.: она есть привыкшая к нему, находящемуся далеко)
C

После be/get used нельзя использовать инфинитив (to do / to drive и т.п.). Мы говорим:

  • She is used to driving on the left. (not She is used to drive)

Когда мы говорим ‘I am used to something’, to - предлог, а не часть инфинитива. Т.е. мы говорим:

  • Frank is used to living alone. (not Frank is used to live)
  • Lisa had to get used to driving on the left. (not get used to drive)
D

Не перепутайте I am used to doing и I used to do:

I am used to (doing) something = я привык к этому:

  • I am used to the weather in this country.
  • I am used to driving on the left because I’ve lived in Britain for a long time.

I used to do something = я постоянно делал это в прошлом, но больше этого не делаю. См. урок 18. Вы можете использовать это выражение, только когда говорите о прошлом.

Конструкция - ‘I used to do’ (not ‘I am used to do’):

  • I used to drive to work every day, but these days I usually go by bike.
    Раньше я ездил на работу каждый день на машине, а теперь я обычно езжу на велосипеде.
  • We used to live in a small village, but now we live in London.
    Раньше мы жили в маленькой деревне, а теперь мы живем в Лондоне.

Упражнения

1. Снова посмотрите на ситуацию из раздела А (‘Лиза - американка ...’) Следующие ситуации похожи. Закончите предложения, используя used to.

  1. Juan is Spanish and went to live in England. In Spain he usually had dinner late in the evening, but in England dinner was at 6 o’clock. This was very early for him and he found it very strange at first.
    When Juan first went to England, he dinner so early, but after some time he it. Now he finds it normal. He at 6 o’clock.
  2. Julia is a nurse. A year ago she started working nights. At first she found it hard and didn’t like it.
    She nights and it took her a few months to it. Now, after a year, she’s quite happy. She nights.

Key

2. Что вы скажете в этих ситуациях? Используйте I’m (not) used to ... .

  1. You live alone. You don’t mind this. You have always lived alone.
    FRIEND:
    Do you get a bit lonely sometimes?
    YOU:
    No,
  2. You sleep on the floor. You don’t mind this. You have always slept on the floor.
    FRIEND:
    Wouldn’t you prefer to sleep in a bed?
    YOU:
    No,
  3. You have to work long hours in your job. This is not a problem for you. You have always worked long hours.
    FRIEND:
    You have to work very long hours in your job, don’t you?
    YOU:
    Yes, but I don’t mind that.
  4. You usually go to bed early. Last night you went to bed very late (for you) and as a result you are very tired this morning.
    FRIEND:
    You look tired this morning.
    YOU:
    Yes,

Key

3. Прочитайте ситуации и закончите предложения, используя used to.

  1. Some friends of yours have just moved into a flat on a busy street. It is very noisy. They’ll have to
  2. The children at school had a new teacher. She was different from the teacher before her, but this wasn’t a problem for the children. They soon
  3. Sue moved from a big house to a much smaller one. She found it strange at first. She had to in a much smaller house.
  4. Some people you know from Britain are going to live in your country. What will they have ro get used to?

Key

4. Закончите предложения, каждый раз используя только одно слово (см. раздел C).

  1. Lisa had to get used to on the left.
  2. We used to in a small village, but now we live in London.
  3. Dan used to a lot of coffee. Now he prefers tea.
  4. I feel very full after that meal. I’m not used to so much.
  5. I wouldn’t like to share an office. I’m used to my own office.
  6. I used to a car, but I sold it a few months ago.
  7. When we were children, we used to swimming very often.
  8. There used to a cinema here, but it was knocked down a few years ago.
  9. I’m the boss here! I’m not used to told what to do.

Key