Фразовые глаголы: предлоги away и back
Сравните предлоги away и back:
away = away from home = вдали от дома
back = back home = вернуться домой
- We’re going away on holiday today.
Сегодня мы уезжаем в отпуск.
- We’ll be back in three weeks.
Мы вернемся через три недели.
away = away from a place, a person etc.
back = back to a place, a person etc.
- The woman got into her car and drove away.
Женщина села в машину и уехала. - I tried to take a picture of the bird, but it flew away.
Я пытался сфотографировать птичку, но она улетела. - I dropped the ticket and it blew away in the wind.
Я выронил билет, и его сдуло ветром. - The police searched the house and took away a computer.
Полиция обыскала дома и забрала компьютер.
- A: I’m going out now.
B: What time will you be back?
А: Я пошел гулять.
Б: В какое время вернешься? - After eating at a restaurant, we walked back to our hotel.
Отобедав в ресторане, мы пошли обратно в гостиницу. - I’ve still got Jane’s keys. I forgot to give them back to her.
Ключи Джейн всё еще у меня. Я забыл их отдать. - When you’ve finished with that book, can you put it back on the shelf?
Когда закончишь читать эту книгу, можешь положить ее обратно на полку?
Таким же образом вы можете сказать:
Таким же образом вы можете сказать:
walk away, run away, look away etc.
go back, come back, get back, take something back etc.
Другие глаголы + away
get away = escape, leave with difficulty = убежать, ускользнуть
- We tried to catch the thief, but he managed to get away.
Мы пытались поймать вора, но ему удалось ускользнуть.
get away with something = do something wrong without being caught = выйти из положения, выйти сухим из воды, сойти с рук и др.
- I parked in a no-parking zone, but I got away with it.
Я припарковался вне зоны парковки, но остался безнаказанным/мне это сошло с рук.
keep away (from ...) = don’t go near = не подходить близко, избегать (чего-либо)
- Keep away from the edge of the pool. You might fall in.
Не подходи близко к краю бассейна. Ты можешь в него упасть.
give something away = give it to somebody else because you don’t want it any more = отдавать
- ‘Did you sell your old computer?’ ‘No, I gave it away.’
‘Ты продал свой старый компьютер?’ ‘Нет, я его отдал.’
put something away = put it in the place where it is kept, usually out of sight = убирать на место
- When the children had finished playing with their toys, they put them away.
Когда дети закончили играть со своими игрушками, их убрали на место.
throw something away = put it in the rubbish = выбрасывать
- I kept the letter, but I threw away the envelope.
Я оставила письмо, но выбросила конверт.
Другие глаголы + back
wave back / smile back / shout back / write back / hit somebody back
- I waved to her and she waved back.
Я помахал ей, и она помахала мне в ответ.
call/phone/ring (somebody) back = return a phone call = перезвонить
- I can’t talk to you now. I’ll call you back in ten minutes.
Я не могу сейчас говорить. Я перезвоню тебе через десять минут.
get back to somebody = reply to them by phone etc. = перезванивать; написать ответ
- I sent him an email, but he never got back to me.
Я отправил ему письмо по электронной почте, но он так и не ответил мне.
look back (on something) = think about what happened in the past = вспоминать, оглядываться в прошлое
- My first job was in a travel agency. I didn’t like it very much at the time but, looking back on it, I learnt a lot and it was a very useful experience.
Моя первая работа была в туристическом агентстве. В то время она мне не нравилась, но, если посмотреть на это сейчас, я многое узнала, и это был очень полезный опыт.
pay back money, pay somebody back = возвращать деньги
- If you borrow money, you have to pay it back.
Если вы заняли деньги, вам нужно будет их вернуть. - Thanks for lending me the money. I’ll pay you back next week.
Спасибо, что одолжили мне деньги. Я верну их вам на следующей неделе.
Упражнения
1. Закончите предложения, используя глагол в правильной форме.
- The woman got into her car and away.
- Here’s the money you need. me back when you can.
- Don’t that box away. It could be useful.
- Jane doesn’t do anything at work. I don’t know how she away with it.
- I’m going out now. I’ll back at about 10.30.
- You should think more about the future; don’t back all the time.
- Gary is very generous. He won some money in the lottery and it all away.
- I’ll back to you as soon as I have the information you need.
2. Закончите предложения. Каждый раз используйте глагол + away или back.
- I was away all day yesterday. I very late.
- I haven’t seen our neighbours for a while. I think they must .
- ‘I’m going out now.’ ‘OK. What time will you ?’
- A man was trying to break into a car. When he saw me, he .
- I smiled at him, but he didn’t .
- If you cheat in the exam, you might with it. But you might get caught.
- Be careful! That’s an electric fence. from it.
3. Посмотрите на картинки и закончите предложения.
She waved to him and he .
It was windy. I dropped a twenty-pound note and it .
Sue opened the letter, read it
and in the envelope.
He tried to talk to her, but she just .
Ellie threw the ball to Ben and he .
His shoes were worn out, so he .
4. Закончите предложения. Используйте глагол в скобках + away или back.
- A: Do you still have my keys?
B: No. Don’t you remember? I to you yesterday? (give) - A: Do you want this magazine?
B: No, I’ve finished with it. You can . (throw) - A: How are your new jeans? Do they fit you OK?
B: No, I’m going to to the shop. (take) - A: Here’s the money you asked me to lend you.
B: Thanks. I’ll as soon as I can. (pay) - A: What happened to all the books you used to have?
B: I didn’t want them any more, so I . (give) - A: Did you phone Sarah?
B: She wasn’t there. I left a message asking her to . (call)