Изучите следующую ситуацию:

A: Will you phone me tomorrow?
B: Yes, I’ll phone you when I get home from work.

Предложение ‘I’ll phone you when I get home’ состоит из двух частей:

Время в предложении - будущее (‘tomorrow’), но мы используем настоящее время (I get) в части предложения с when.

Мы не используем will в части предложения с when.

Еще немного примеров:

• We’ll go out when it stops raining. (not when it will stop)
• When you are in London again, come and see us. (not When you will be)
• (said to a child) What do you want to be when you grow up? (not will grow)

То же самое происходит и после while / before / after / as soon as / until или till:

• I’m going to read a lot while I’m on holiday. (not while I will be)
• I’ll probably go back home on Sunday. Before I go, I’d like to visit the museum.
• Wait here until (or till) I come back.

Вы также можете использовать present perfect (have done) после when / after / until / as soon as:

• Can I borrow that book when you’ve finished with it?
• Don’t say anything while Ian is here. Wait until he has gone.

Если вы используете present perfect, одно действие должно быть завершено перед другим (так, что два действия не происходят в одно и то же время):

• When I’ve phoned Kate, we can have dinner.
  (= Сначала я позвоню Кате, и только потом мы можем начать обедать.)

Не используйте present perfect, если два действия происходят в одно и то же время:

• When I phone Kate, I’ll ask her about the party. (not When I’ve phoned)

Часто можно использовать как present simple, так и present perfect:

После if, для будущего мы обычно используем present simple (if I do / if I see и др.):

• It’s raining hard. We’ll get wet if we go out. (not if we will go)
• I’ll be angry if it happens again. (not if it will happen)
• Hurry up! If we don’t hurry, we’ll be late.

Сравните when и if:

Мы используем when, говоря о чем-то, что несомненно случится:

• I’m going shopping later. (for sure) When I go shopping, I’ll buy some food.

Мы используем if (не when), говоря о том, что возможно случится:

• I might go shopping later. (it’s possible) If I go shopping, I’ll buy some food.
• If it is raining this evening, I won’t go out. (not When it is raining)
• Don’t worry if I’m late tonight. (not when I’m late)
• If they don’t come soon, I’m not going to wait. (not When they don’t come)

Упражнения

1. Закончите предложения, используя глаголы в скобках. Все предложения о будущем. Используйте will/won’t или present simple (I see / he plays / it is и др.).

1. I (phone) you when I (get) home from work.
2. I want to see Julia before she (go) out.
3. We’re going on holiday tomorrow. I (tell) you all about it when we (come) back.
4. Brian looks very different now. When you (see) him again, you (not / recognise) him.
5. (you / be) lonely without me while I (be) away?
6. We must do something soon before it (be) too late.
7. I don’t want to go without you. I (wait) until you (be) ready.
8. Sue has applied for the job, but she isn’t very well-qualified for it. I (be) surprised if she (get) it.
9. I hope to play tennis tomorrow if the weather (be) nice.
10. I’m going out now. If anybody (phone) while I (be) out, can you take a message?

2. Сделайте одно предложение из двух.

1. It will stop raining soon. Then we’ll go out.
   when
2. I’ll find somewhere to live. Then I’ll give you my address.
   when
3. I’ll do the shopping. Then I’ll come straight back home.
   after
4. It’s going to get dark. Let’s go home before that.
   before
5. She must apologise to me first. I won’t speak to her until then.
   until

3. Прочитайте ситуации и закончите предложения.

1. A friend of yours is going on holiday. You want to know what she is going to do.
   You ask: What are you going to do when ?
2. A friend of yours is visiting you. She has to go soon but maybe there’s time for some more coffee.
   You ask: Would you like some more coffee before ?
3. You want to sell your car. Jim is interested in buying it, but he hasn’t decided yet.
   You ask: Can you let me know as soon as ?
4. Your friends are going to New York soon. You want to know where they’re going to stay.
   You ask: Where are you going to stay when ?
5. The traffic is very bad in your town, but they are building a new road at the moment.
   You say: I think things will be better when they .

4. Выберите when или if.

1. Don’t worry I’m late tonight.
2. Tom might phone while I’m out this evening. When If he does, can you take a message?
3. I’m going to Rome next week. When If I’m there, I hope to visit a friend of mine.
4. I think Jill will get the job. I’ll be very surprised when if she doesn’t get it.
5. I’m going shopping. When If you want anything, I can get it for you.
6. I’m going away for a few days. I’ll phone you when if I get back.
7. I want you to come to the party, but when if you don’t want to come, that’s all right.
8. We can eat at home or, when if you prefer, we can go to a restaurant.