Порядок слов в английском предложении: наречия с глаголом
Некоторые наречия (например, always, also, probably) идут с глаголом в середине предложения:
- Helen always drives to work.
- We were feeling very tired and we were also hungry.
- The concert will probably be cancelled.
Изучите эти правила по расположению наречий в середине предложения. (это только общие правила, т.е. есть и исключения)
1) Если глаголом является одно слово (drives/fell/cooked и т.п.), наречие (adverb) обычно идет перед глаголом (verb):
adverb | verb | ||
Helen | always | drives | to work. |
I | almost | fell | as I was going down the stairs. |
- I cleaned the house and also cooked the dinner. (not
cooked also) - Lucy hardly ever watches television and rarely reads newspapers.
- ‘Shall I give you my address?’ ‘No, I already have it.’
Заметьте, что эти наречия (always/often/also и др.) идут перед have to ... (т.к. это цельная фраза):
- Joe never phones me. I always have to phone him. (not
I have always to phone)
2) Но наречия идут после am/is/are/was/were:
- We were feeling very tired and we were also hungry.
- Why are you always late? You’re never on time.
- The traffic isn’t usually as bad as it was this morning.
3) Если глаголом является два и более слова (например, can remember / doesn’t eat / will be cancelled), наречие обычно идет после первого глагола (can/doesn’t/will и т.п.):
verb 1 | adverb | verb 2 | ||
I | can | never | remember | her name. |
Clare | doesn’t | often | eat | meat. |
Are you | definitely | going | away next week? | |
The concert | will | probably | be | cancelled. |
- You have always been very kind to me.
- Jack can’t cook. He can’t even boil an egg.
- Do you still work for the same company?
- The house was only built a year ago and it’s already falling down.
Заметьте, что probably идет перед отрицанием (isn’t/won’t и т.п.). Т.е. мы говорим:
- I probably won’t see you. or I will probably not see you. (not
I won’t probably)
Мы также используем all и both в этих расположениях:
- We all felt ill after the meal. (not
we felt all ill) - My parents are both teachers. (not
my parents both are teachers) - Sarah and Jane have both applied for the job.
- We are all going out this evening.
Иногда мы используем is/will/did и др. вместо повторения части предложения (см. урок 51). Обратите внимание на расположение always/never и др. в этих предложениях:
- He always says he won’t be late, but he always is. (= he is always late)
- I’ve never done it and I never will. (= I will never do it)
Мы обычно ставим always/never и др. перед глаголом в таких предложениях.
Упражнения
1. Выделенные жирным слова расположены правильно или нет? Исправьте предложения там, где необходимо.
2. Перепешите предложение, включив слово в скобках.
- Clare doesn’t eat meat. (often)
- a. We were on holiday in Spain. (all)
b. We were staying at the same hotel. (all)
c. We enjoyed ourselves. (all)
- Catherine is very generous. (always)
- I don’t have to work on Saturdays. (usually)
- Do you watch TV in the evenings? (always)
- Martin is learning French, and he is learning Italian. (also)
- a. The new hotel is very expensive. (probably)
b. It costs a lot to stay there. (probably)
- a. I can help you. (probably)
b. I can’t help you. (probably)
3. Закончите предложения. Используйте слова в скобках в правильном порядке.
- I her name. (remember / never / can)
- I sugar in coffee. (take / usually)
- I hungry when I get home from work. (am / usually)
- A: Where’s Joe?
B: He home early. (gone / has / probably) - Mark and Diane in Manchester. (both / were / born)
- Liz is a good pianist. She very well. (sing / also / can)
- Our car under the bed. (often / sleeps)
- They live in the same street as me, but I to them. (never / have / spoken)
- We a long time for the bus. (have / always / to wait)
- My eyesight isn’t very good. I with glasses. (read / can / only)
- I early tomorrow. (probably / leaving / will / be)
- I’m afraid I able to come to the party. (probably / be / won’t)
- It’s difficult to contact Sue. She at home when I phone her. (is / hardly ever)
- We in the same place. We haven’t moved. (still / are / living)
- If we hadn’t taken the same train, we each other. (never / met / would / have)
- A: Are you tired?
B: Yes, I at this time of day. (am / always)